Tin tức công nghệ - Thủ thuật lập trình
Lập trình hệ thống (Một số code mẫu Assembly) - Phần 2
Toàn màn hìnhIn bài viết
inxau macro tbao
lea dx,tbao
mov ah,9
int 21h
endm
_stack segment stack
dw 100 dup(0)
_stack ends
data segment
m1 db 10,13,'a=$'
m2 db 10,13,'b=$'
m3 db 10,13,'ket qua=$'
m4 db '.5$'
so dw 0
a dw 0
b dw 0
du dw 0
data ends
code segment
assume cs:code, ds:data, ss:_stack
begin:
mov ax,data
mov ds,ax
; nhap a
inxau m1
call nhap
mov bx,so
mov a,bx
;nhap b
inxau m2
call nhap
mov bx,so
mov b,bx
;cx=ax*bx
inxau m3
call tong
call in10
mov ah,1
int 21h
mov ah,4ch
int 21h
nhap proc
push ax
push bx
push cx
push dx
mov bx,10
xor cx,cx
mov si,0
l1:
mov ah,1
int 21h
cmp al,13
je het
cmp al,8
jnz so_am
and cx,cx
jz nodiv
xor dx,dx
mov ax,cx
jmp ctro
nodiv:
xor si,si
ctro:
push cx
mov cx,1
mov ah,10
mov dl,20h
int 10h
pop cx
jmp l1
so_am:
cmp al,'-'
jne nap
mov si,1
jmp l1
nap:
cmp al,'0'
jl l1
cmp al,'9'
jg l1
and al,0fh
xor ah,ah
xchg ax,cx
mul bx
add cx,ax
jmp l1
het:
and si,si
jz soduong
neg cx
soduong:
mov so,cx
pop dx
pop cx
pop bx
pop ax
ret
nhap endp
tong proc
push ax
push bx
push cx
push dx
mov ax,a
mov bx,b
add ax,bx
mov so,ax
pop dx
pop cx
pop bx
pop ax
ret
tong endp
in10 proc
push ax
push bx
push cx
push dx
mov ax,so
xor cx,cx
mov bx,10
cmp ax,0
jge duong
push ax
mov al,'-'
mov ah,14
int 10h
pop ax
neg ax
duong:
xor dx,dx
div bx
push dx
inc cx
cmp ax,0
jnz duong
;in ra
mov ah,2
inra:
pop dx
or dl,30h
int 21h
loop inra
pop dx
pop cx
pop bx
pop ax
ret
in10 endp
code ends
end begin
code segment
assume cs:code
org 100h
start : jmp over
msg1 db 'nhap a=$'
msg2 db 10,13,'nhap b=$'
msg3 db 10,13 ,'Hieu hai so la :$'
over:
mov ah,9
lea dx,msg1
int 21h
mov ah,1
int 21h
mov bl,al
mov ah,9
lea dx,msg2
int 21h
mov ah,1
int 21h
mov cl,al
mov ah,9
lea dx,msg3
int 21h
cmp cl,bl
jae truonghop2
sub bl,cl
jmp hieu
truonghop2: ;in dau tru
mov ah,2
mov dl,'-'
int 21h
sub bl,cl
neg bl
hieu:
;in hieu
add bl,30h
mov ah,2
mov dl,bl
int 21h
int 20h
code ends
end start
- Trung bình cộng 2 số có 5 chữ số a và b
inxau macro tbao
lea dx,tbao
mov ah,9
int 21h
endm
_stack segment stack
dw 100 dup(0)
_stack ends
data segment
m1 db 10,13,'a=$'
m2 db 10,13,'b=$'
m3 db 10,13,'ket qua=$'
m4 db '.5$'
so dw 0
a dw 0
b dw 0
du dw 0
data ends
code segment
assume cs:code, ds:data, ss:_stack
begin:
mov ax,data
mov ds,ax
; nhap a
inxau m1
call nhap
mov bx,so
mov a,bx
;nhap b
inxau m2
call nhap
mov bx,so
mov b,bx
;cx=ax*bx
inxau m3
call tbcong
mov ah,1
int 21h
mov ah,4ch
int 21h
nhap proc
push ax
push bx
push cx
push dx
mov bx,10
xor cx,cx
mov si,0
l1:
mov ah,1
int 21h
cmp al,13
je het
cmp al,8
jnz so_am
and cx,cx
jz nodiv
xor dx,dx
mov ax,cx
jmp ctro
nodiv:
xor si,si
ctro:
push cx
mov cx,1
mov ah,10
mov dl,20h
int 10h
pop cx
jmp l1
so_am:
cmp al,'-'
jne nap
mov si,1
jmp l1
nap:
cmp al,'0'
jl l1
cmp al,'9'
jg l1
and al,0fh
xor ah,ah
xchg ax,cx
mul bx
add cx,ax
jmp l1
het:
and si,si
jz soduong
neg cx
soduong:
mov so,cx
pop dx
pop cx
pop bx
pop ax
ret
nhap endp
tbcong proc
push ax
push bx
push cx
push dx
xor dx,dx
mov ax,a
mov bx,b
add ax,bx
mov cx,2
div cx
mov so,ax
call in10
cmp dx,0
je he
inxau m4
he:
pop dx
pop cx
pop bx
pop ax
ret
tbcong endp
in10 proc
push ax
push bx
push cx
push dx
mov ax,so
xor cx,cx
mov bx,10
cmp ax,0
jge duong
push ax
mov al,'-'
mov ah,14
int 10h
pop ax
neg ax
duong:
xor dx,dx
div bx
push dx
inc cx
cmp ax,0
jnz duong
;in ra
mov ah,2
inra:
pop dx
or dl,30h
int 21h
loop inra
pop dx
pop cx
pop bx
pop ax
ret
in10 endp
code ends
end begin
- Chuyển đổi các hệ cơ số (Full)
;#####################################
;LUU Y': XUAT THAP PHAN PHAI XUAT RA SO CO DAU VA KHONG DAU NEN PHAI KHAI BAO MSG11 VA MSG12
;#####################################
inxau macro tbao
push ax
push dx
mov ah, 9
lea dx, tbao
int 21h
pop dx
pop ax
endm
clrscr macro
mov ah, 0fh
int 10h
mov ah, 00h
int 10h
xor ax, ax
xor bx, bx
xor cx, cx
xor dx, dx
and n, 0
endm
;@********* STACK SEGMENT ***********@
;#####################################
segstack segment stack
db 100 dup(?)
segstack ends
;@********* DATA SEGMENT ************@
;#####################################
segdata segment
msg1 db 0ah, 0dh, ' chon co 1 trong cac he chuyen:'
db 0ah, 0dh, ' 1: co so 10 sang co so 2.'
db 0ah, 0dh, ' 2: co so 2 sang co so 8.'
db 0ah, 0dh, ' 3: co so 8 sang co so 16.'
db 0ah, 0dh, ' 4: co so 16 sang co so 10.'
db 0ah, 0dh, ' chon: $'
msg2 db 0ah, 0dh, 'Nhap so nguyen (-32768 => 32767 hoac 0 => 65535): $'
msg3 db 0ah, 0dh, 'Nhap so nhi phan 16 bit: $'
msg4 db 0ah, 0dh, 'Nhap so bat phan (so co 5 chu so co dang: 1xxxx hoac 0xxxx): $'
msg5 db 0ah, 0dh, 'Nhap so thap luc phan 16 bit: $'
msg6 db 0ah, 0dh, 'Xuat ra dang thap phan: $'
msg7 db 0ah, 0dh, 'Xuat ra dang nhi phan: $'
msg8 db 0ah, 0dh, 'Xuat ra dang bat phan: $'
msg9 db 0ah, 0dh, 'Xuat ra dang thap luc phan: $'
msg10 db 0ah, 0dh, 0ah, 0dh, 'ban muon tiep tuc? y/n $'
;********* ONLY 4 XUAT THAP PHAN ***********
msg11 db 0ah, 0dh, 'co dau : $'
msg12 db 0ah, 0dh, 'khong dau: $'
;*******************************************
n dw 0
segdata ends
;@********* CODE SEGMENT ************@
;#####################################
segcode segment
assume cs:segcode, ss:segstack, ds:segdata
start:
mov ax, segdata
mov ds, ax
l1:
clrscr
inxau msg1
mov ah, 1
int 21h
cmp al, 31h ; chon 1
je convert10_2
cmp al, 32h ; chon 2
je convert2_8
cmp al, 33h ; chon 3
je convert8_16
cmp al, 34h ; ko chon 4
jne l1
;convert16_10
inxau msg5
call nhap_16
inxau msg6
call in_thap_phan
jmp hoi
convert8_16:
inxau msg4
call nhap_bat_phan
inxau msg9
call in_16
jmp hoi
convert2_8:
inxau msg3
call nhap_nhi_phan
inxau msg8
call in_bat_phan
jmp hoi
convert10_2:
inxau msg2
call nhap_thap_phan
inxau msg7
call in_nhi_phan
;**** YES/NO QUESTION ?******
hoi:
inxau msg10
mov ah, 1
int 21h
xor al, 'y'
jz l1
mov ah, 4ch
int 21h
;********* INPUT **********
; ********* **********
;********* NHAP THAP PHAN **********
nhap_thap_phan proc
push ax
push bx
push cx
push dx
push si
and n, 0h
xor cx, cx ; ch dem so chu so, cl xac dinh dau
xor si, si
mov bx, 10
lap_tp_1:
mov ah, 1
int 21h
cmp al, 13
je kt_dau
cmp al, '-'
je dau
cmp al, '0'
jl lap_tp_1
cmp al, '9'
jg lap_tp_1
jmp nhay_tp_1
dau:
or cl, 1
jmp lap_tp_1
nhay_tp_1:
and ax, 0fh
mov si, ax
mov ax, n
mul bx
add ax, si
mov n, ax
inc ch
cmp ch,5
jl lap_tp_1
kt_dau:
test cl, cl
jz ketthuc_tp_1
neg n
ketthuc_tp_1:
pop si
pop dx
pop cx
pop bx
pop ax
ret
nhap_thap_phan endp
;********* NHAP NHI PHAN **********
nhap_nhi_phan proc
push ax
push cx
xor cx, cx ; dem so bit
and n, 0
mov ah, 1
lap_np_1:
int 21h
cmp al, 13
je ketthuc_np_1
cmp al, '0'
jl lap_np_1
cmp al, '1'
jg lap_np_1
shr al, 1
rcl n, 1
inc cx
test cx, 0f0h ; du 16 bit thi dung
jz lap_np_1
ketthuc_np_1:
pop cx
pop ax
ret
nhap_nhi_phan endp
;********* NHAP BAT PHAN **********
nhap_bat_phan proc
push ax
push bx
push cx
xor cx, cx ;dem so chu so
xor bx, bx
mov ah, 1
lap_bp_1:
int 21h
cmp al, 13
je ketthuc_bp_1
cmp al, '0'
jl lap_bp_1
cmp al, '7'
jg lap_bp_1
and al, 7
shl bx, 3
or bl, al
inc cx
cmp cx, 5
jl lap_bp_1
ketthuc_bp_1:
mov n, bx
pop cx
pop bx
pop ax
ret
nhap_bat_phan endp
;********* NHAP THAP LUC PHAN **********
nhap_16 proc
push ax
push bx
push cx
xor cx, cx ;dem so chu so
xor bx, bx
mov ah, 1
lap_16_1:
int 21h
cmp al, 13
je ketthuc_16_1
cmp al, '0'
jl lap_16_1
cmp al, '9'
jle next_16_1
cmp al, 'A'
jl lap_16_1
cmp al, 'F'
jle next_16_2
cmp al, 'a'
jl lap_16_1
cmp al, 'f'
jg lap_16_1
sub al, 32
next_16_2:
sub al, 7
next_16_1:
sub al, 48
shl bx, 4
or bl, al
inc cx
cmp cx, 4
jl lap_16_1
ketthuc_16_1:
mov n, bx
pop cx
pop bx
pop ax
ret
nhap_16 endp
;********* OUTPUT ***********
; ********* ***********
;********* XUAT THAP PHAN **********
in_thap_phan proc
push ax
push bx
push cx
push dx
push si
mov ax, n
xor cx, cx
mov bx, 10
mov si, 10h ; si kiem tra so lan goi lap_tp_2 va dau
inxau msg11
cmp ax, 8000h ; so am !?
jb lap_tp_3
or si, 1
neg ax
jmp lap_tp_3
lap_tp_2:
xor si, si ; chay lap_tp_2 va thoat
mov ax, n
xor cx, cx
inxau msg12
jmp lap_tp_3
lap_tp_3:
xor dx, dx
div bx
push dx
inc cx
test ax, ax
jnz lap_tp_3
test si, 1
jz lap_tp_4
mov ah, 2
mov dl, '-'
int 21h
lap_tp_4:
pop dx
mov ah, 2
or dl, 30h
int 21h
loop lap_tp_4
test si, si
jnz lap_tp_2
pop si
pop dx
pop cx
pop bx
pop ax
ret
in_thap_phan endp
;********* XUAT NHI PHAN **********
in_nhi_phan proc
push ax
push bx
push cx
push dx
mov bx, n
mov cx, 16
mov ah, 2
lap_np_2:
xor dx, dx
shl bx, 1
rcl dl, 1
or dl, 30h
int 21h
loop lap_np_2
pop dx
pop cx
pop bx
pop ax
ret
in_nhi_phan endp
;********* XUAT BAT PHAN **********
in_bat_phan proc
push ax
push bx
push cx
push dx
mov cl, 5h
mov bx, n
xor dx, dx
shl bx, 1
rcl dl, 1
mov ah, 2
or dl, 30h
int 21h
lap_bp_2:
xor dx, dx
mov ch, 3h
lap_bp_3:
shl bx, 1
rcl dl, 1
dec ch
jnz lap_bp_3
or dl, 30h
int 21h
dec cl
jnz lap_bp_2
pop dx
pop cx
pop bx
pop ax
ret
in_bat_phan endp
;********* XUAT THAP LUC PHAN **********
in_16 proc
push ax
push bx
push cx
push dx
mov cl, 4
mov bx, n
mov ah, 2
lap_16_2:
xor dx, dx
mov ch, 4
lap_16_3:
shl bx, 1
rcl dl, 1
dec ch
jnz lap_16_3
cmp dl, 10
jl nhay_16
add dl, 7
nhay_16:
add dl, 48
int 21h
dec cl
jne lap_16_2
pop dx
pop cx
pop bx
pop ax
ret
in_16 endp
;***********************************
;***********************************
;***********************************
segcode ends
end start
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